Terminology

The definitions provided in the following list reflect the consensus within the SUSTAIN-6G consortium at the time of the publication of the D2.1 Sustainability baseline, Use Cases, and Baseline Requirements.

These terms may be revised in the future if needed.

Term	Definition	Notes
Eco-design	The integration of environmental aspects into the product development process, by balancing ecological and economic requirements. Eco-design considers environmental aspects at all stages of the product development process, striving for products which make the lowest possible environmental impact throughout the product life cycle.	See https://www.eea.europa.eu/help/glossary/eea-glossary/eco-design UNEP. 2001. Cleaner production: a guide to information sources.
Effect	“Effect" refers to the result or consequence on the environment, economy or society that follows from ICT existence or usage.	Effects can be short term/long term, intended/unintended, reversible/irreversible, desired/undesired, direct/indirect, etc.
Enablement	Enablement is the positive second order effect covering environmental, societal and economic pillars	ITU-T definition was widened to other environmental aspects as well, such as societal and economic aspects. It is always about positive – second order effects – covering environmental, societal and economic aspects.
Evaluation	Evaluation is the process of computing quantitative information or assembling qualitative assertions of characteristics of a certain design and is linked to KPIs or KVIs.
First order effect	This is the direct economic, societal or environmental effect associated with the existence of an ICT based solution, and generic processes supporting the deployment and operation of the ICT based solution. These could be positive and/or negative for a stakeholder.	Effect is recursively used. Proposal is to use outcome in the definition. Note: Examples of first order effects include, the raw materials acquisition, production, use and end-of-life treatment stages. Note: First order effects are related to the technology deployment choice
Impact	Impact refers to the effect activities have on sustainability values. Here, a direct impact means that the provisioning of a service is studied, while an indirect impact means that the usage of a service is studied. Both direct and indirect impact can be either positive or negative.
Key Performance Indicator (KPI)	Quantitative indicators for measuring the technology components and technical enablers of a UC throughout its lifecycle.
Key Value Indicator (KVI)	Forward-looking qualitatively or quantitatively measurable indicators for the KVs to align outcome and impact against objectives. Specifically, UC KVIs are used to assess the impact of a UC outcome, while technology enabler KVIs are used to assess the impact of the technology applied to a UC to deliver the outcomes, on the KVs of the UC.
Key Values (KV)	Key Value refers to principles or qualities that individuals or groups deem important, desirable, or intrinsically good that may be addressed or impacted by ICT.
KVI target value	Estimates / targets regarding the changes envisioned as an outcome of the UC execution (positive or negative, as a limit). KVIs should have a baseline value reflecting the status quo.
Platform	A platform is a coherent ecosystem comprising hardware, software, and tools for validation, evaluation, and verification that enables end-to-end (E2E) integration, experimentation, and monitoring of 6G technologies. Platforms may include multiple testbeds and support PoC implementation. They can be purely software-based, hardware-based, or hybrid, and are designed to support the integration of different technologies.
Requirements	Functionalities or performance parameters defined as KPIs for the realisation of a component / system or network for one of different UCs.
Scenario	A broader description of a context within which a system, product, technology, service is used: environment, background, circumstances of use, users, and vision of a future desired state. Scenarios can encompass multiple use cases or interactions and provide context for understanding the users' needs, behaviours, motivations. Examples: agriculture e-health / telemedicine, energy / smart grid.
Scope 1 emissions	Direct emissions from owned or controlled sources	Reference: [BCB+11]
Scope 2 emissions	Indirect emissions from the generation of purchased energy consumed by the reporting company	Reference: [BCB+11]
Scope 3 emissions	All other indirect emissions that occur in a company’s value chain	Reference: [BCB+11]
Second order effect	This is the effect induced by the use and application of ICT based solution which includes economic, societal or environmental changes. These could be positive and/or negative for a stakeholder.	Effect is recursively used. Proposal is to use outcome in the definition. Note: Examples of second order effects include reduced GHG emissions from reduced travel due to the use of ICTs, more efficient agriculture (e.g., less fertiliser/water consumption) thanks to ICT solutions, increase of video streaming usage due to its ease of use, social media Note: Second order effects target the intended purpose of use of ICT technology in the vertical sector. Second order effects also consider broader effects that the technology might trigger in society that we do not have full control over.
Sustainability	Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs	United Nations (SDGs)
Sustainability pillars	Environmental sustainability: refers to responsibility to conserve natural resources and protect global ecosystems to support health and wellbeing. Societal sustainability: refers to inclusive, empowered, and resilient societies where citizens have equal opportunities, access to affordable energy, water, food, housing, education, healthcare, and job opportunities, where they have a voice, and governments respond. Economic sustainability: refers to practices that support long-term economic growth without negatively impacting societal, environmental, and cultural aspects.
Sustainability aspects	Sustainable 6G: refers to the ambition to minimise the direct negative sustainability value outcomes, i.e. the first order effects.
	6G for Sustainability: refers to the indirectly induced contribution (benefits and challenges) of 6G to the various aspects of sustainability in vertical sectors, with the ambition to maximise positive sustainability value outcomes.
Sustainability dimensions	Six combinations of sustainability pillars and sustainability aspects
Technical enabler	The technology components / systems or networks needed to deliver the key values for a UC.
Testbed	A testbed is a physical or virtual environment designed for experimentation, validation, and evaluation of network technologies. These environments include various infrastructure elements such as radio access networks, core networks, edge/cloud resources, user equipment devices and other relevant elements.
Use Case (UC)	Specific description of an interaction between a system and its users, or multiple systems / users within a scenario. Outlines the usage of a system, product, service, technology to achieve a specific outcome, with details on deployment and user actions. Focus on functionalities and interactions, detailing the sequence of events from the user's perspective, and requirements measurable by key performance indicators.
Validation	The process to check whether a certain design is appropriate for the purpose and meets the requirements and constrains. The outcome of validation is the assurance that a product, service, or system meets the needs of the customer and other identified stakeholders. Validation is linked to requirements specification. It answers the question “Are we building the right system?”
No split to outcome and goal	High-level human values as goals, like United Nation Sustainability Development Goals (UN SDGs) or subsets.
No split to outcome and goal	The positive and negative impacts of the technology to the values as goals. Possibly positive and negative from the use of the technology and negative from its deployment. That is, values directly and indirectly impacted by the deployment and use of the technology.